From Esfahan to Shiraz, we traveled slowly by train this summer.

By train this summer, we traveled from Esfahan to Shiraz.

This summer, we traveled from Esfahan to Shiraz by train.

To Shiraz from Esfahan, we traveled this summer by train.

We traveled from Esfahan to Shiraz this summer on a train.

2.

• Credit cards are dangerous.
• They encourage people to buy things.
  
• These are things that people are unable to afford.
  
• These are things that people do not really need.

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In reading the 4 sentences above in chronological order, you should be able to easily ascertain the meaning being conveyed, right?

Now, if we combine those sentences using an adverb clause at the beginning of the sentence that starts with a subordinating conjunction, which of the following options below reflect the most accurate representation of the meaning conveyed in the sentences above. In other words, which does NOT change the meaning as conveyed by the sentences above, while using the most effective subordinating conjunction?

Easy Refresher Lesson (You’re welcome to seek outside sources, but these should suffice here):

• An adverbial clause is a dependent clause that functions as an adverb. That is, the entire clause modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb. As with all clauses, it contains a subject and predicate, though the subject as well as the (predicate) verb may sometimes be omitted and implied (see below).
• An adverbial clause begins with a subordinating conjunction (Links to an external site.)—sometimes called a trigger word. The boldfaced words in the following sentences reflect the adverbial clause, and the italicized word reflects the subordinating conjunction that begins the clause:
  • “After she went to the classroom, the professor explained how the application process worked.”
  • Whether you decide to vote or not, be sure to educate yourself about the issues on the ballot.”
  • “While that might seem like a good idea now, it might be best to wait before buying that car.”

• Subordinately Conjunctions: Here are some common subordinating conjunctions: after, although, as, because, before, how, if, once, since, than, that, though, till, until, when, where, whether, while.

Select the ONE sentence below that most accurately reflects the meaning of the 4 sentences above in that it uses the most appropriate subordinating conjunction in the adverbial clause.